The globally Endangered Giant Nuthatch (Sitta magna): breeding ecology, nest-site characteristics and the role of mature pine plantation, one of the key factors for its conservation

Giant Nuthatch (Sitta magna) is a globally Endangered species restricted to southwestern China, eastern Myanmar, and northern Thailand with a global population roughly estimated at ~1,500–3,800 individuals. its status was uplisted from Vulnerable to Endangered in 2012 due to concerns about the loss and degradation of presumed habitat. Mature pine forest and mature pine plantation are the key habitats for Giant Nuthatch. Although Endangered, and like many such species in this region, much of the fundamental ecological/demographic knowledge necessary for their long-term management, particularly regarding nesting habitat and nesting success, remains unavailable. Comprehensive research on the reproduction and nest-site characteristics of Giant Nuthatch in key habitats are required to improve our understanding of the capacity of these habitats to support viable populations and to develop a better understanding of its management requirements. Therefore, we propose to obtain nest-site characteristics and reproductive success data at a key site dominated by mature pine (Pinus kesiya) plantation. We envision this proposed study as the next essential step in the extinction prevention process for this Endangered species by increasing our knowledge on how plantations are utilized for nesting.