Development of Causal Factors Model for Safety School Administration in Pluralistic Society of Large Schools under the Office of the Basic Education Commission

This research aimed to: 1) study the causal factors for safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools; 2) develop a causal factor model for safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools; and 3) confirm the causal factor model for safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools. This research used mixed methods. The study was divided into 3 phases as follows: Phase 1 involved the documentary study and interview of 3 school administrators obtained from purposive selection based on the set criteria. The instruments used were a semi-structured interview form and a content analysis form. Phase 2 involved the analysis of the causal factor model for safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools. The research sample consisted of administrators and teachers of large schools the Office of the Basic Education Commission, totaling 519 persons, obtained from multistage random sampling. The instrument used was a questionnaire constructed by the researcher. Statistics used for data analysis included mean, standard deviation, and path analysis. Phase 3 involved the verification of causal model by 5 experts obtained from purposive selection based on the set criteria. The instrument used was a causal model verification form. Statistics used included frequency, percentage, and content analysis. The research results showed that:
1. The causal factors for the safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools comprised arranging a safe atmosphere and environment, by 5 experts, providing safety services, developing a student protection system, preparing a welfare education curriculum, defining prevention measures and problem-solving, and organizing campaigns to create attitudes and awareness of safety.

2. The causal factor model for the safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools was consistent with the empirical data according to the following criteria: chi-square = 17.06, p-value = 0.02, chi-square/df = 2.44, GFI = 0.99, AGFI = 0.96, CFI = 0.99, NFI = 0.99, IFI = 0.99, RMR = 0.00 and RMSEA = 0.05 Specifically, the aspects of defining prevention measures and problem-solving, providing safety services, and developing a student protection system had direct influence on the safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools. The aspect of arranging a safe atmosphere and environment had indirect influence on educational institution safety through organizing campaigns to create attitudes and awareness of safety and developing a student protection system. Moreover, the aspect of organizing campaigns to create attitudes and awareness of safety had indirect influence on educational institution safety through preparing a welfare education curriculum and providing safety services.

3. Regarding the verification of causal factor model for the safety school administration in pluralistic society of large schools, the model was appropriate, feasible, accurate, and usable at a high level. The experts have given their opinions on the safe school administration that administrators should give importance to assessment to prevent and solve problems in risk areas, as well as determination of measures and serious implementation of safety in educational institutions.