Study on the Design Approach of Cooling Systems in Permanent Molds Using Flow Simulation Software

This study aims to develop design guidelines for the cooling system in permanent molds for the low-pressure casting process by investigating the effect of the inlet and outlet pipe cross-sectional area ratio on flow velocity. The flow was simulated using ANSYS Fluent (Student Version) under laminar flow conditions, with various area ratios including 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The simulation results showed that a ratio of 0.8 produced the most uniform flow across all 10 outlet pipes, as indicated by the lowest velocity difference (Δv). Based on these findings, it is concluded that the inlet-to-outlet pipe cross sectional area ratio should be in the range of 0.6 to 0.8 to ensure that the water velocity at all outlets is higher than at the inlet while maintaining uniform velocity distribution across all 10 outlets.

Keywords : flow simulation, flow velocity, permanent mold, cooling system