Factors Affecting the Success of Low-Carbon Tourism Management: A Comparative Analysis with the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration’s Master Plan on Climate Change (2021-2030)

This desk-based study reviews literature on low-carbon tourism by surveying articles, research papers, and related documents from Thai and international databases. The research aims to identify factors influencing the successful implementation of low-carbon tourism, compare these success factors with the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration’s Climate Change Master Plan (2021–2030), and propose strategies to drive low-carbon tourism in Bangkok.

The study synthesizes findings from diverse sources into a coherent knowledge base, then maps these insights against the BMA master plan. Through comparative analysis, the research distills key enablers and gaps in existing policy and practice.

Results reveal six critical success factors: environmental awareness, community participation, local contextual support, relevant policy frameworks, government action, and private sector engagement. The BMA plan addresses only some of these elements and prioritizes infrastructure over building knowledge, awareness, and environmental stewardship.

To achieve tangible and sustainable low-carbon tourism in Bangkok, the study recommends prioritizing people-centered initiatives that enhance public understanding, foster a sense of ownership, and facilitate active community involvement.