Development of a Learning Media Package on Orthographic Drawing Through the Metaverse

Orthographic drawing is fundamental in vocational education, yet conventional
instruction often fails to engage students effectively. This study aimed to develop
and evaluate a Metaverse-based learning media package to enhance vocational
students’ achievement. The package, consisting of six topics with interactive
videos, peer communication, and exercises, was designed to increase engagement
and comprehension. Its quality was reviewed by three experts and rated at a “very
good” level (mean score 4.70, standard deviation 0.49). Effectiveness was tested
using a post-test only design and by comparing learning outcomes between an
experimental group and a control group. The results showed that the media met
the efficiency criteria (E1/E2) at 82.31/80.13, and students who used the
Metaverse media achieved significantly higher post-test scores than those in the
control group (t = 3.67, p = 0.001). These findings indicate that Metaverse-based
learning media is effective in improving vocational students’ learning achievement
and can serve as a practical model for developing innovative educational tools in
technical and related fields.