Clean production of commercial 'Makiang' juice processing for medicinal herbs and health benefits
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Publication Details
Author list: Chaisawadi S., Methawiriyasilp W.
Publisher: International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS)
Publication year: 2008
Volume number: 786
Start page: 201
End page: 208
Number of pages: 8
ISBN: 978-90-6605-248-2
ISSN: 0567-7572
eISSN: 2406-6168
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
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Abstract
Makiang' (Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala) is one of the important sources of medicinal herbs in Thailand. The high polyphenols and flavanoid contents in 'Makiang' flesh and seeds have been shown to have antioxidant and anticarcinogenic properties. The development of commercial process to make 'Makiang' juice, meeting zero discharge criteria was proposed. The main objective in this study was waste utilization of juice processing that is of high commercial value, complete utilization with no waste and low environmental impact. The production process utilized the wastes from 'Makiang' juice processing, which are the flesh after squeezeing and the filtering off seeds. The 'Makiang' juice can be processed by a freeze dryer to make freeze dried powder for nutritional health food and cosmetics use. Waste processing was divided into two stages. The first one was essential oil extraction process, through seed grinding, squeezing oil from the ground seeds and followed by steam extraction. The second process was 'Makiang' flesh processing using the flesh obtained from the first process to make 'Makiang' flesh powder by using freeze dryer, jam or sweet and sour 'Makiang'. The residue of the ground seed can be further processed into dried ground seed and seed powder by using tray dryer. These can be used as ingredients for spa and aromatherapeutic products. This results in zero discharge by the end of the process. This clean production of 'Makiang' juice processing has been implemented by using Fruit Juice Pilot Plant, Industrial Park Center, KMUTT. The results showed that 500 kg of 'Makiang' fruits finally produced 15 kg of freeze dried juice powder or 1,200 L of drink or 300 L of concentrated drink, 0.8 L of essential oil, 73 kg of dried ground seed and 15 kg of dried powder and 300 kg of processed products such as sweet and sour 'Makiang' or 'Makiang' jam. All data were collated and used in a preliminary financial analysis. The results showed internal rate of return (IRR) of this project at 38% with payback period (PP) of 2.54 years and net present value (NPV) of Baht 54.17 m at required rate of return of 8%. The results achieved, along with the economic and environmental benefits are provided.
Keywords
Cleistocalyx nervosum var. paniala, Flavanoid, Waste processing
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