In vitro cytotoxicity and degradability tests of gallic acid-loaded cellulose acetate electrospun fiber
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Author list: Phachamud T., Phiriyawirut M.
Publication year: 2011
Journal: Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences (0975-8585)
Volume number: 2
Issue number: 3
Start page: 85
End page: 98
Number of pages: 14
ISSN: 0975-8585
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
Abstract
Electrospinning technique has been recognized as one of fabrication methods employed to produce the polymeric electrospun fibers. The utilization of electrospun fiber for active compound loading has been more recently interesting. Gallic acid is a natural phenolic compound which has several biological activities especially antityrosinase and antioxidant activities. In this research, the electrospinning was used to prepare gallic acid-loaded cellulose acetate (CA) fiber aiming for use in topical delivery system. Gallic acid-loaded CA solutions were prepared by dissolving 17%w/w CA powder and gallic acid in the amount of 2.5-10 wt% based on the weight of CA powder, respectively, in the acetone/DMAc mixture. Due to no significant affect of electrostatic voltage and deposition distance on diameter of electrospun fiber, 12 kV voltage potential and of 12.5 cm deposition distance were selected for electrospinning of gallic acid-loaded CA fibers because of economy aspect. Cytotoxicity of the prepared fibers was examined by XTT assay of cell viability. The human fibroblast cell viability of 0%, 2.5%, 5% gallic acid loaded-CA electrospun and control was 72.04 ฑ 5.91%, 61.84 ฑ 3.97%, 60.93 ฑ 2.28% and 100% respectively. Therefore the release of gallic acid from CA electrospun into the medium decreased the human fibroblast cell viability. To employ this device as topical products, the low amount gallic acid loaded CA electrospun should be selected. The biodegradability of prepared CA and 2.5%w/w gallic acid loaded-CA fiber was conducted in phosphate buffer pH 7.4, collagenase type I solution and lysozyme solution. The biodegradability was measured at 2, 4, 6 and 8 weeks. The results indicated the rather low biodegradability of plain CA fiber and gallic acid loaded-CA fiber in three media. SEM study of tested fibers after drying with lyophilization technique confirmed the durability of these fibers from enzymatic degradation. Therefore gallic acid loaded-cellulose acetate fiber was rather stable for enzymatic degradation. However this polymeric fiber has been claimed to be degraded with lipase like enzyme from some bacteria.
Keywords
Electrospun fiber, Gallic acid
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