Effect of cu addition on the microstructure, mechanical and thermal properties of a piston al-si alloy
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Author list: Chankitmunkong S., Eskin D.G., Limmaneevichitr C.
Publisher: Wiley
Publication year: 2019
Journal: Journal of Fish Diseases (0140-7775)
Volume number: 42
Issue number: 11
Start page: 463
End page: 469
Number of pages: 7
ISSN: 0140-7775
eISSN: 1365-2761
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
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Abstract
Detection of tilapia lake virus (TiLV) in tilapines is mainly from visceral organs of killed fish. However, lethal sampling might not be viable to broodstock and economically important ornamental cichlids. To contribute towards screening of the virus in asymptomatic infected fish, a subclinically infected population of Nile tilapia adults obtained from a local farm was preliminarily tested to compare different non-lethal sampling methods, for example liver biopsy, gill biopsy, fin clip, mucus, faeces and blood for detection of TiLV. Only liver and blood samples gave positive results by PCR. Since blood sampling is relatively simpler, it was further used for five naturally co-cultured juvenile fish species from above-mentioned farm including 40 red tilapia broodstock and 20 Nile tilapia adults from two other different farms. The results showed that from the tested fish, 4 of 5 Nile tilapia, 2 of 5 hybrid red tilapia and 3 of 5 giant gourami blood samples tested positive, while 38 of 40 blood samples of red tilapia tested positive for TiLV in second-step PCR. Sequencing representative PCR amplicons of positive samples confirmed sequence identity to TiLV. In conclusion, both blood and liver biopsy are practical non-destructive sampling platforms for TiLV screening in cichlids with blood being more convenient, especially for tilapia broodstock. ฉ 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Keywords
blood, liver biopsy
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