Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of ultrasound-assisted extract of Annona squamosa L. leaves

The bioactive compounds were extracted from Annona squamosa leaves using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and the optimal extraction conditions were determined. It was found that the extraction of the sample with 50% (aq) of ethanol at 50 ºC for 60 minutes provided the highest crude extract yield of 30.50% on a dry basis. Further, this condition gave a total phenolic content of 307.67 µg GAE/g DW and total flavonoid content of 16,893.92 µg CE/g DW. The crude extract obtained from this condition gave the best results for antioxidant activities with the IC50 values of 947.99 and 620.89 µg/mL by DPPH and ABTS assays, respectively. The chemical composition of the crude extract was analysed by LC-ESI-MS, Rutin and Norisocorydine were detected. Finally, the antibacterial properties of the crude extract were tested against 3 human pathogenic bacterial strains. The results revealed that the crude extract exhibited antibacterial activities against all tested strains. Keywords: Annona squamosa L., antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity, chemical composition, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE)