Aspects of Optical and Thermal Performances in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells Made of Nanomaterials with Potential for Development of Vehicle-Integrated Photovoltaics

In the near future, electric vehicles will be a primary type of transport. They are noise- and emission-free, with the ability to enable zero-emission use if they are charged using renewable energy. To offer this clean energy at the point of consumption, vehicle-integrated photovoltaics (VIPV), or photovoltaics (PV) that is incorporated into the body of the car, is a revolutionary approach. This capability might be explained as being able to extend the operating range and to be free of charge when out in the field. Thus, solar cells for this application must be very efficient, lightweight, and compatible with curved surfaces. Until now, development has been limited to the roof area of a car and has largely relied on crystalline-based solar cells. However, an automobile has a greater surface area that might theoretically be used to mount the solar cells. For example, transparent areas such as vehicle windows are considered because it may be possible to employ partially transparent flexible solar cells such as perovskite solar cells. The purpose of this research is to determine the viability of using flexible perovskite solar cells in automotive window film applications by comparing their transmittance and reflectance to films that meet automotive window film specifications in Thailand. While thermal efficiency is determined by heat gain and thermal transmission. Additionally, we also demonstrate how the nanoparticles utilized in the recent development of perovskite solar cells can be employed to enhance their optical and thermal properties, hence expanding perspectives on the use of nanomaterials in clean energy transportation in Thailand as it enters the 4.0 era.