Removal of Hydrogen Sulfate Gas Contaminated in Biogas using Biomass Waste

Thai government enhances and develops alternative energy to use this kind of energy about 30 percent of the total energy use in Thailand. Moreover, the utilization of biomass waste can reduce the emission of greenhouse gas into the environment. This research work focuses therefore on the development of absorbent materials (Bio charcoal) from biomass waste to be used as an adsorbent of hydrogen sulfide gas contaminated in biogas. This work leads also to increase the efficiency of biogas and to reduce especially the health effects for domestic and community users.

The objective of this paper is to develop an adsorbent of hydrogen sulfide gas contaminated in biogas from biomass waste founded in the south of Thailand by a slow pyrolysis process. The physical and chemical properties of the bio charcoal are also studied such as moisture content, volatile substances, steady carbon ash content, porosity, pH, chemical function group, and morphology. The efficiency of the adsorbents from biomass waste is then evaluated for the removal of hydrogen sulfide gas found in biogas. Three factors affecting the adsorption process are examined including the amount of adsorbent, adsorbent size, and the concentration of hydrogen sulfide gas.

The compositions of biogas before and after the adsorption process are analyzed in each experiment. To confirm the absorption efficiency of bio charcoal, the morphology of adsorbent is therefore observed after the adsorption process. The simulation is executed via Aspen plus program in parallel with the experiment in the laboratory. Comparing the simulation and experiment results induces further prototype technology for the hydrogen sulfide adsorption system in biogas.