The development of students' achievement in Direct current circuit subject by Metaverse integrated with Flipped classroom learning management

This research aims to achieve three main objectives: 1) to develop a learning innovation using a Metaverse program combined with flipped classroom teaching in the subject of direct current electrical circuits, focusing on Kirchhoff's laws; 2) to study the learning outcomes of students in the direct current electrical circuits course using the Metaverse program for learning; and 3) to examine the students' satisfaction with using the Metaverse program integrated with flipped classroom teaching in the same subject. The sample for this study consists of 20 first-year vocational diploma (Vocational Certificate Level) students from Pathumthani Technical College who took the direct current electrical circuits course during the first semester of the 2024 academic year. These students were selected using purposive sampling. The research tools included: 1) a Metaverse program for learning Kirchhoff's laws, 2) a lesson plan for the direct current electrical circuits course integrated with flipped classroom teaching, 3) a test to measure learning outcomes on Kirchhoff's laws, and 4) a survey to measure students' satisfaction with the use of the Metaverse program.

The results show that learning through the Metaverse program combined with flipped classroom teaching in the direct current electrical circuits course on Kirchhoff's laws led to an average learning outcome score ("X) of 1 6 .3 5 points with a standard deviation (S.D.) of 1 .3 9 out of a total score of 2 0 points. Additionally, students' satisfaction with the use of the Metaverse program was at a high level, with an average score (X") of 4 .5 4 and a standard deviation (S.D.) of 0.02