Community Database Development for Addressing Transboundary Pollution in Chalermprakiat District, Nan Province

Transboundary pollution in the Thai–Lao border region poses a significant environmental challenge for local communities in Chalermprakiat District, Nan Province, particularly in areas where multiple potential pollution sources coexist, including cross-border energy development. These communities, home to diverse ethnic groups, rely heavily on natural resources for their livelihoods and are therefore highly vulnerable to environmental degradation. However, limited availability of reliable socio-economic and health data has constrained their capacity to prepare for and respond effectively to transboundary pollution risks. This study aims to develop a comprehensive community database integrating socio-economic, health, and natural resource information to support risk assessment and preparedness. The database serves as a tool for assessing pollution-related risks, with particular attention to particulate matter and associated toxic pollutants. Data were collected through field surveys and secondary sources from relevant agencies and analyzed using Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques alongside the Biocapacity and Ecological Footprint frameworks to evaluate environmental sustainability and the community’s capacity to absorb environmental stressors. The findings demonstrate that a community-based database is a critical resource for strengthening local capacity to monitor, manage, and communicate pollution risks. Policy recommendations emphasize the integration of such data into local governance and environmental monitoring systems. Although fieldwork in remote areas posed logistical challenges, these were addressed through community participation and appropriate technology adoption. Overall, the study highlights the value of data-driven participation in empowering border communities to engage with policymakers and advocate for environmental justice. Rather than attributing pollution to a single source, the research emphasizes risk monitoring, data integration, and community preparedness within a complex transboundary context.