Role of chitosan in enhancing crop production
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Publication Details
Author list: Uthairatanakij A., Jitareerat P.
Publisher: Hindawi
Publication year: 2017
Start page: 271
End page: 288
Number of pages: 18
ISBN: 9781315313528; 9781498731485
ISSN: 0146-9428
eISSN: 1745-4557
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
Abstract
Chitosan, a polycationic ฿-1,4-linked-d-glucosamine polymer, is a polysaccharide polymer and a derivative of chitin, which is present in the shell of crustaceans such as the shells of crab and shrimp, an abundant by-product of seafood processing, via a deacetylation reaction (removal of acetyl groups COCH3 from the chitin original structure) with alkali (Kurita et al. 1979). It has a rigid and specific crystalline structure that exists in nature in different polymorphic forms having various properties (Prashanth and Tharanathan 2007). Chitosan has been widely used to stimulate plant growth and seed germination, and enhances the yields of numerous crops (Vander 1998; Kowalski et al. 2006; Nge et al. 2006). It is reported to influence the production of substances related to stress response such as phytoalexins (Walker-Simmons et al. 1983) and acts as a biocontrol agent (El-Ghaouth et al. 1994). In addition, chitosan is also reported to be involved in plant resistance to pathogen infection (Rabea et al. 2003; Pichyangkura and Chadchawan 2015). Chitosan and its derivatives, such as glycol chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan, are known to form a semipermeable film around plant tissues; they are inhibitory to a number of pathogenic fungi, and they also induce host defense responses (El-Ghaouth et al. 1994). In addition, the systemic disease protection elicited by chitosan has been reported (Corsi et al. 2015). ฉ 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
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