Applicability of infectivity assay for the quantification of infectious human adenovirus genotype 5 in UV-irradiated wastewater
Journal article
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Strategic Research Themes
Publication Details
Author list: Rattanakul S., Oguma K.
Publisher: IWA Publishing
Publication year: 2021
Volume number: 19
Issue number: 1
Start page: 67
End page: 78
Number of pages: 12
ISSN: 1477-8920
eISSN: 1996-7829
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
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Abstract
The use of infectivity assays in domestic wastewater samples is limited because of the concerns around cytotoxicity to host cells, thus, the UV inactivation efficiency of human adenoviruses (HAdVs) in wastewater remains unclear. In this study, a human adenovirus genotype five (HAdV-5) host cell line (A549 cells) was incubated with wastewater at varied dilutions from 1:1.5 to 1:4 (the ratio of wastewater to a mixture of wastewater and the cell culture medium) and the cytotoxicity was assessed by the cell morphology and viability. No change was observed in either cell viability or morphology in comparison with control samples, even at lowest dilution of 1:1.5, indicating the dilution allowed infectivity assays. The minimal degree of dilution to avoid cytotoxicity may differ with different water matrix. Consequently, the technique was applied to quantify spiked HAdV-5 after the UV disinfection of wastewater. A significant increase in UV disinfection efficiency was noted in wastewater and hydroxyl radicals (OH•) produced by the photosensitization of dissolved organic matter were suggested to be responsible for the enhancement. This study indicated that dilution can be a simple solution to avoid cytotoxicity, and UV inactivation may be enhanced in wastewater due to OH• radicals produced by UV radiation. © 2021 The Authors.
Keywords
adenovirus, Infectivity assay, UV disinfection
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